夜如此凄美There are two examples like this:
Eg.3:Ain`t no thing,but the chicken wing.
Translation:芝麻小事何足挂齿呀。
Eg.4:They were buried in a shallow grave.
Translation:都是陈芝麻烂谷子了。
In the above examples, translator based on correct understanding in the source lines, and fully into account the cultural background of the Chinese audience and expressive habits. Use of domestication to mobilize associated cognitive context, so that the domestic audience get a pleasant view experience in a short time.
4.2.2 Foreignization
Foreignization is that the translator disturb the author as far as possible and let the reader close to the author. In translation, it means accommodating the linguistic features of foreign cultures, absorbing the expression of foreign language, and it requires translators to get closer to the authors, and adopts the source language expressions which used by the authors to convey the content of the original text, which is to be the destination language. The purpose of using foreignization is to consider the differences of national culture, preserve and reflect the characteristics of the foreign national characteristics and language style, and keep the foreign mood for the target readers. So foreignization is the deviation from the mainstream values of the native language, it preserve the linguistic and cultural differences, or refers to a certain degree of preserving the original foreignness, which breaks the target language routine translation on purpose, advocate the preservation of the source language culture in the translation of the foreignization of the main purpose of translating is intercultural communication. The culture of the source language will enrich the language expression of the target language and culture. Readers` reading aims also include the desire to understand foreign cultures, and translators should believe that the reader's intellect and imagination can understand the specificity of foreign cultures. Venuti can be said to be the representative of foreignization. He put forward the concept of Inverse Translation Theory. This translation method highlight the difference of original text in style and other aspects in the text of the target language. Venuti publicly claimed, the aim was to develop a translation theory and practice to resist the dominant trend in the culture of the target language, thus highlighting the differences in language and culture. In this concept, he proposed an objection to the translation of a fluent strategy, that is translation get not fluent on purpose. Some translators also have no compromise on readers, required readers to accept the specificity of foreign cultures. Essentially, the foreignization advocated that the translation should be the origin of the original and the original author, focus on the expression of the original language, deliberately preserving cultural essence to promote exchanges and integration among cultures. Because of the economic globalization and the rapid development of information technology, various cultures collide, interact, permeate and integrate with each other, and the demand for mutual understanding among people is increasing, so more and more scholars are advocating the foreignization.
The translation strategies of foreignization source culture-oriented, nearer to
maximize the source language. Cultural image in the source language and expressions should be retained as far as possible, with the exotic charms of the new target language audience. In recent years, the hit of American sitcom reflects that American culture interacts more frequently, and American humor has a great attraction for Chinese audiences, especially young audiences. In order to meet the Chinese audience's curiosity about foreign cultures, and translators should take the strategies in a timely manner in translation. On the relevance translation theory, translators need to re-assess the translation and the audience's cognitive environment which associated with the source of meaning and the degree of interoperability. When the translator and the target audience to be implicit or explicit content in the context of their reasoning and get the same effect, then translators could prefer to choose foreignization.
Eg.1: I just wanted to throw this net back into the ocean and see how many fish I could catch.
Translation:我只是想把我这张网撒到大海里去,看看我还可以捞到多少鱼。
Eg.2：You don`t bring a date to a wedding, that`s like bring a deer carcass on a hunting trip. Translation:你不能带女伴参加婚礼,这就像你带着一具鹿的尸体去打猎。
This subtitling in the two examples is to maximize and retaine the source line in the cultural image and expression, because Chinese audiences in their own cognitive explain in the context of its meaning, but do not require the use of naturalized methods to further expression. Authentic American humor combined with a more exaggerated body language factor, and the domestic audience without too much cognitive effort is required to achieve good humorous effect.
5.Domestication and Foreignization on Translation of Captions of Explanations and Active Influence
My paper bases on the relevance translation theory, taking the subtitle of How I Met Your Mother as an example. By analyzing the translation strategies of domestication and foreignization that the American sitcom used, thus practicing the applicability and guidance of the relevance translation theory in subtitle translation field. And I hope that the translation strategy based on this theory can play a certain referential role in the translation of subtitles in the future, and helps the related translators and researchers to create a better translation and promotes the vigorous development of subtitle translation.
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中文摘要
摘要：归化和异化是处理语言形式与文化因素的两种不同的翻译策略，它是意译和直译的进一步延伸。美剧《老爸老妈的浪漫史》是一部经典的流行于中国的美式情景喜剧，这部情景喜剧中的故事有趣又吸引观众，这剧中的台词更是其中亮点。译者在翻译时，一方面需要认真研究原文所传递的信息；另一方面，充分依据译语接受者的认知语境，对原文进行适当的加工，采取灵活多变的翻译策略向译语接受者传递原文信息。本文旨在探索归化和异化策略在《老爸老妈的浪漫史》字幕翻译时的可行性和指导性。
关键词：翻译;归化;异化
