风蛍月缓缓Nevertheless, our government has adopted a series of means to eliminate fake diplomas. For one thing, some organizations have kept detailed record of the diploma holders and issued the diplomas with fake-proof seal, which can’t be easily copied. For another, for those who fabricate fake diplomas government has take legal measures to punish them severely, including forcing them to pay a heavy fine. Finally, some employers have given more weight to candidate s’ abilities. Once they find their employees get the jobs by using fake diplomas, they will dismiss them from their posts immediately.
The above only serve as the basic ways to cope with the problems. Therefore, we should work out some more effective methods to prohibit fake diplomas.
2.2 Analysis
⑴Framework of the essay
Para. 1—Introduction
TS: It is reported … nowadays. (假文凭现象的严重性)
DS: 1.The prospective … abilities. （出现的原因）
2.As a result,… our society. (后果)
3.Therefore,… harm to the society. (危害)
Para. 2—Body
TS: Nevertheless… fake diplomas. (采取措施)
DS: 1.For one thing … easily copied. (措施一)
2.For another… fines. (措施二)
3.Finally … job posts. (措施三)
Para. 3 —Conclusion
TS: The above … problems. (处理问题的方法)
DS: Therefore … fake diplomas.（禁止假文凭）
⑵Useful pattern drills
1.The prospective employers put too much emphasis on the job seekers’educational background, and neglect their practical abilities.
2. For one thing, some organizations have kept detailed record of the diploma holders and issued the diplomas with fake-proof seal, which can’t be easily copied.
⑶Choice of words
1.prospective (c.f. future)
e60c3d99a9956bec0975f46527d3240c8547a180e into being/existence
3. issue (c.f. give)
4.fabricate (c.f. make)
5.give weight to (c.f. pay attention to)
3. Production
Practice One
Advantages of Oral Communications
Key words: face to face, by telephone, speed, convey instantly, oral response, instant feedback, a conversation, reactions, in telephone conversations, tone of voice,
control of the situation, written messages, audience, pay attention, be well
received
Practice Two
The Reform of College Curricula
Key words: complain,not much helpful, acquire, outdate, impractical, inapplicable, it is high time to, new economic system, connected with, pure theory, be competent for,
the shift of the economic system, corresponding change in, make adjustment,
catch up with
IV. Writing based on visual aids （图表作文）
1.写作技巧
1.1 仔细观察研究图表内容，包括图表的文字、说明部分和图表中的具体数据，以弄清图
表所试图反映的问题、现象或趋势。
1.2在充分领会图表信息的基础上，结合标题和其他提示构思文章布局。一般说来，图表作
文可采用以下这种结构：
1.3文章中引用的数据应代表其体现的趋势或变化，而决不能毫无目的地大量照搬堆砌。
1.4语言要客观，结论应合乎逻辑。
2. 常用句型
2.1引入图表的句型
We can see/know from the chart / table / g raph / (that) …
It can been seen from the chart / table / graph / (that) …
It is obvious/evident/clear/apparent from the chart / table / graph / (that) …
As can be seen from the from the chart / table / graph / …
According to the chart/table/graph, …
The chart / table / graph shows (that) …
As (is) shown from the chart / table / graph / (that) …
2.2 表示数量增加、减少的句型
The consumption of (milk) rose dramatically from 1985 to 1990.
The profit increased significantly from May to June.
The number of (private cars) went up sharply from 1000 to 1002.
The amount of (computers) soared in the past five years.
The use of solar energy climbed steadily between 1998 and 2001.
There was a jump in the profit of sales in the past two years.
There was a gradual increase in the amount of meat consumption between 1996 and 2000. There was a slow reduction of …
3. Sample
Directions:Write a composition on “Income Sources of College Students”based on following chart in three paragraphs. You should base your composition on the
outline below:
1.概括说明中美大学生的主要收入来源。
2.分析产生这种不同现象的可能原因。
3.1 Appreciation
Income Sources of College Students
According to the investigation into the income sources of students, the income of the American and the Chinese students comes from almost the same channels: parents, part-time jobs and scholarship. However, the percentage of each is quite different. Half of the American students’ income is from their parents and fifteen percent from the scholarships granted by colleges and universities. Chinese students, on the other hand, get ninety percent of their income from their parents.
In my opinion, there are many reasons for the phenomenon. American students are taught to be independent right from childhood while Chinese parents care so much for their children that it is almost unthinkable for college students to love on their own. In addition, Chinese students have fewer opportunities to find part-time jobs.
Nevertheless, more and more Chinese students are seeking part-time jobs nowadays. They are eager to acquire some social skills and earn extra money, which will make them less dependent on their parents. But I expect the source of American students’ income will remain the same.
3.2Analysis
⑴Framework of the essay
Para. 1 —Introduction （收入来源）
TS: According to … quite different. (来源相同，但比例不同)
DS: Half of the American students’ income … their parents. (具体不同)
Para. 2 —Body (产生不同的原因)
TS: In my opinion, … the phenomenon.
DS: 1.American students … on their own. (原因一)
2.In addition, … part-time jobs. (原因二)
Para. 3—Conclusion (展望)
TS: Nevertheless,… jobs nowadays. (中国学生谋求打工)
DS: 1.The … on their parents. (带来的趋势)
2. But … the same. (对美国学生的预测)
⑵Useful pattern drills
1.According to the investigation into the income sources of students, the income of the
American and the Chinese students comes from almost the same channels: parents, part-time jobs and scholarship. （表格作文开篇常用语）
2.In my opinion, there are many reasons for the phenomenon. American students are taught
to be independent right from childhood while Chinese parents care so much for their children that it is almost unthinkable for college students to love on their own.
3. They are eager to acquire some social skills and earn extra money, which will make them
less dependent on their parents.
⑶Choice of words
1.however
2.granted (c.f. given)
3.on the other hand
4.be taught/brought up to be independent
5.in addition
6.acquire(c.f. get)
4. Production
Directions:You are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Student Use of Computers”. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on
the chart and the outline given below:
1 下图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变
化。
2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说）。
3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
V. Writing based on given situations (情景作文)
1. 写作技巧
1.1仔细阅读领会所提供的情景提示及作文要求，不要忽略任何一点内容。
1.2根据所提供的情景确定文章中心思想，若有标题，可结合起来分析。
1.3紧扣主题并严格按照情景中规定的条件、范围和内容要求展开文章，做到切题切景。
1.4合理展开想象，但不能脱离主题和所规定的情景。
2. Sample
Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:
A letter to the university president about the canteen service on campus. You
should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the following
information given in Chinese.
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以是兼而有之。
2.1 Appreciation
April 8. 2009 Dear Mr. President,
My name is Li Ming. I am a sophomore of the law school. As the school year is drawing to a close, I venture to write a letter to you about the canteen service on campus, which has given rise to much complaint among students.
The focus of the complaint is the poor quality of the food. The rice is just like bullets and the buns are like hand grenades. They are too hard for us to chew. And the vegetables are so overcooked as to lose their nutrients. The fish and the meat are not given full measure. He only thing we are satisfied with is the free soup. However, the price of the food is surprisingly high. If we have 3 meals ass in the canteen, at least twelve Yuan is gone to keep our body and soul together. As a result, many of us go out to have meals.
Honestly speaking, the dining environment has been improved, with the wall painted and some Chinese calligraphy works posted up. But there are only two canteens on the campus. As the number of students is ever increasing, there is not enough space and seats to allow us to have our meals there. The attitude of the service staff to the students is not hospitable at all. All in all, there is much room for improvement as far as the canteen service is concerned. I hope we will not suffer for the rest of college life.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
2.2 Analysis
⑴Framework of the essay
Para. 1—Introduction (写信的目的)
Para. 2—Body (学校食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务)
Para. 3 —Conclusion(建议：服务有待进一步改善)
⑵Useful pattern drills
1.As the school year is drawing to a close, I venture to write a letter to you about the
canteen service on campus, which has given rise to much complaint among students.
