计算机网络第四版习题答案(中文版)(3)

1-25 When a file is transferred between two computers, two acknowledgement strategies are possible. In the first one, the file is chopped up into packets, which are individually acknowledged by the receiver, but the file transfer as a whole is not acknowledged. In the second one, the packets are not acknowledged individually, but the entire file is acknowledged when it arrives. Discuss these two approaches.

当一个文件在两台计算机之间传输的时候，可能会有两种不同的确认策略。在第一种策略中，该文件被分解成许多个分组，接收方会独立地确认每一个分组，但是文件传输过程作为整体并没有被确认。在第二种策略中，这些分组并没有被单独地确认，但是当整个文件到达的时候，它会被确认。请讨论这两种方案。

如果网络容易丢失分组，那么对每一个分组逐一进行确认较好，此时仅重传丢失的分组。而在另一方面，如果网络高度可靠，那么在不发差错的情况下，仅在整个文件传送的结尾发送一次确认，从而减少了确认的次数，节省了带宽；不过，即使有单个分组丢失，也需要重传整个文件。