GMAT语法笔记

个人GMAT语法笔记,综合Manhattan SC及 prep语法笔记

主谓一致

一. 原则

1.主谓必须同时存在

连词开头的句子一定要有主句，否则是错误的

becase, if, when, although从句开头的句子，若从句后面没有逗号，一定错。

2.主语和谓语从逻辑上一定要合理，且主语和谓语在单复数上要一致。当不清楚主语是否应该是单数/复数的时候，看宾语，想造成这个宾语的主语是什么样的★

e.g. The discovery of new medicines (was/were) vital to the company's growth.

若不知道主语是否单复，就想是什么造成公司的上涨。肯定是一件事。所以是单数

3.找到真正的主语---去掉介宾短语，从句及动词短语修饰词

介宾短语（of,／for by,／in,／with／,at,／to,／on,／from 后面的词不是主语可以忽略，所以要学会看到介词跳读。）

从句始终只是句子中辅助的成分，类似大形容词，大名词或大副词

e.g. Pong is a classic game from which HAVE descended many current computer pastimes. (Pong is a classic game from which many current computer pastimes HAVE descended.)

4.不能确定的话，一般用单数谓语动词

规律

1.and 连接几个不同的（单数）名词的时候构成复数结构，谓语动词要用复数

2.就前原则的短语

with; along with; together with; in addition to; as well as; accompanied by; including;

more than; no less than; besides; except;

3.就近原则：or, nor, either…or; neither…nor； not...but.. (not that…but rather that…); not only…but also;

（注意，只有either，neither做主语时，谓语动词用单数）

5.模糊代词，谓语动词用单数：(-one, -thing)

Anyone, anybody, anything, No one, nobody, nothing, not one

Each, every (as pronouns) Someone, somebody, something

Everyone, everybody, everything, whatever, whoever

Either, neither (may require a plural verb if paired with or/nor)

6.以下代词的单复数由后面的名词决定：

Some of, Any of, None, All of, More/Most of, no

half of, majority, minority, plurality of, the rest of, 分数/百分数 If you want to indicate the totality itself, then use a singular verb form.

e.g. The majority of the students in this class ARE hard workers.