恰好动心associated with keyboard work.
C
Writing Effective Advertisements
This guide has been put together by best-selling author John Newton and looks at
the reasons why some advertisements are more successful than others. Ideal both for
someone starting up in business and for the established business person, it contains
useful information on advertisement layout and content.
D
Using Management Games
This second edition, which reflects the growing trend to use management games as
training tools, acts as a guide to exercises designed to increase group effectiveness.
The writer explains the ways in which exercises, for example puzzles and
communication games, can be used to improve group co-operation.
财经类新闻（Business News）
练习 2. Business News
1.Shareholders seemed to have a final say in top management.
2.This news suggests bitter competition between computer giants.
3.Some people would take advantage of this period of time to make money.
4.The man would be detained on a foreign land for some time.
5.The buy-out seemed to benefit both companies.
6.The company hadn‘t entered into the American market before it was merged.
7.The change in personnel has boosted shareholders‘ confidence in the company.
A. In a deal valued at more than $ 5 billion, Crown Cork, a leading American packaging company with
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little presence in Europe, agreed to buy Camaud Metalbox of France, one of Europe‘s largest packagers with little presence in America. A frenzy of dealing sent shares in both soaring around 15%.
B. Another top French businessman was placed under investigation for corruption. The man is being
questioned about a 1991 water-supply contract. Meanwhile, a German businessman, who went missing after his property empire collapsed last year, embarrassing the many banks that had backed him, was arrested in Miami. Extradition could take months.
C. Kmart, America‘s second-largest retailer, is to have a new boss to replace Joseph Antonini, who was
forced to step down earlier this year by unhappy shareholders. Shares soared on the news that Floyd Hall, former chief executive of Target Stores, a rival discounter, is to step into Antonini‘s shoes.
D. IBM tried to counter the growth of Microsoft, the world‘s largest software firm, by launching a $3.3
billion hostile bid for Lotus Development, a software company. The $ 60-a –share offer boosted the price of Lotus shares by 89%. IBM sees Lotus‘s Notes software as a passport into the growing market for ?groupware‘ programs that help networks of computers talk to each other.
E. The European Commission published a consultative paper on its promise single currency, in which it suggested that there would have to be four years between a final decision to launch the new currency and its arrival in citizens‘ pockets. It predicted tha t speculators would use the interval to make destabilising bets on the final conversion rates of the old currencies. But the commission is sticking to its deadline of January 1999 for economic and monetary union.
第四课时
Test 2
READING
PART ONE
Questions 1-7
1 Sometimes it is necessary to insist on further explanation.
2 You shouldn't focus on your response while others are still speaking.
3 People are reluctant to admit that they don't listen well.
4 There are benefits in seeing things from the speaker's perspective.
5 Keen observation of the speaker can support our listening skills.
6 It is risky to think about a different issue while someone is speaking.
7 People do not mind hearing their own views summarised.
Good listener, better manager
A
Too often we accuse others of not listening, pretending that we ourselves are faultless, yet in our hearts we know that many of the mistakes we make come about because we haven't listened carefully enough. We get things wrong because we haven't quite understood what someone meant when they were talking
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新东方在线[2582f5ff910ef12d2af9e707] 网络课堂电子教材系列BEC中级阅读
to us. Anyone who has ever taken the minutes of a long meeting will know how hard it is to remember - despite the benefit of notes - exactly what everyone said. But success depends on getting things right - and that means listening.
B
Listening is not the same thing as hearing; it is not an effortless activity. It demands attention and concentration. It may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarification - it is always better to ask than to continue regardless and get things wrong. However, if you allow your mind to wander onto something else, even for a few minutes, you'll miss what the speaker is saying - probably at the very moment when he or she is saying something critical. And not having heard, you won't know you've missed anything until it's too late.
C
The most common bad habit we have is to start thinking of what we are going to say about the subject long before the other speaker has finished. We then stop listening. Even worse, this often adds rudeness to inattentiveness, as once you have decided what to say there is a fair chance you will interrupt to say it. Good listeners don't interrupt. In fact it is often worth explaining the main idea of what you have just been told before going on to make your own points. Nobody is offended by this and it shows that you have listened well.
D
Above all be patient and accept that many people are not very good communicators. It's helpful to remember that the ways people move and position themselves while they are speaking can reveal a great deal about what they are saying. Equally importantly you should put yourself in the other person's place, both intellectually and emotionally; it will help you to understand what they are getting at and form a response. But don't be too clever. Faced with a know-all, many people keep quiet because they see no point in continuing.
Test 3
READING
PART ONE
Questions 1-7
1 Listen to what your boss tells you about how well you are working.
2 Realise that your boss will occasionally need to be left alone.
3 Comment on your boss's work in a positive spirit.
4 Try to impress your boss with your thoroughness.
5 Do not hesitate to involve your boss if you have difficulties with your work.
6 Show your boss that you are capable of working at a higher level.
7 Speak to your boss, even about matters not directly related to your work.
MANAGE YOUR BOSS
Advice from four top business people on how you should treat your boss
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A
The Consultant
No boss likes nasty surprises. Thinking you can solve a serious problem before he or she finds out is a doomed strategy. Much better to inform your boss about the situation early on, together with your suggested solution. Also, remember that bosses like praise as much as any employee. Do this without making it obvious, if only to earn the right to criticise (constructively, of course). 'Consideration' is the key word. Treat bosses as you hope to be treated - it should help you to move up to the next level.
B
The Director
Of course there are all the formal things in managing your boss - ensuring that you come to meetings well prepared, that you have a good eye for detail, and so on. But you also need to distinguish effectively between things that are important and things that are merely small details. Bosses like it if you can see 'the big picture' because they want to be able to delegate. So it's all about psychology, as well as performance.
C
The Chairman
Bosses want people to understand their objectives, their way of working and the pressures they are under. If you can understand what sort of inpidual your boss is, it is easier to appreciate why certain reactions might arise, and thus avoid problems. Also, keep the lines o f communication with your boss open. You need to receive ongoing feedback on whether your work is effective, asking about what you do not understand, and, if necessary, discussing personal issues from outside the workplace. When the gap between you is reduced. so are the difficulties.
D
The Chief Executive
Understand that a boss will want to take the glory when things go well. After all, they take ultimate responsibility, so they deserve some of the credit. Also, find out about your boss's outside interests, as this can help to improve the relationship. You may find you have an interest in common. Similarly, recognise that everyone is human, and there are times when a request from you may be unwelcome. Get to know your boss's Personal Assistant, who can advise you when it is a good time to talk to him or her.
Part 2
练习2. Japanese McDonald’s
If you always thought of McDonald‘s as an all-American company it, may surprise you to learn that the king of McDonald‘s franchises is named Fujita and that he doesn‘t eat hamburgers. ____1____ By ignoring many of the customs of both his native and his parent company, Fujita has made McDonald‘s the top fast-food business in Japan and has changed the face of franchising.
McDonald‘s came to Japan in 1970 searching for a Japanese partner with whom to create a Japanese McDonald‘s. Fujita was far from the richest potential candidate interviewed, but he was an
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eager entrepreneur who seemed willing to devote his energies to the new venture. ____2____ Almost immediately, however, Fujita began going his own way. The parent company r ecommended opening the first Japanese McDonald‘s in the suburbs, where most American fast-food stores are located. Fujita had his own ideas. ____3____ He got his way, opened the first Japanese McDonald‘s in a department store in Tokyo, didn‘t spend anythin g on advertising. ____4____ McDonald‘s learned its lesson from Fujita and has since opened inner-city restaurant around the world. ____5____ While the Japanese seem fascinated with western styles and tastes, they often don‘t think of themselves as consume rs of American products. So Fujita‘s McDonald‘s franchises play down their American origins, to the point where, according to Fujita, some Japanese who visit the United States are surprised to find that we have ?Makudonarudo‘, as the Japanese say it, in Am erica too.
