爆笑气质姐He found a record of soot from ice samples higher up in the mountains. “What this tells us is that there was a human influence,” he says.
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The idea about soot could also explain why the glaciers in the Alps started to melt early. Industrial pollution from Europe wasn’t blowing onto Iceland or Norway, which remained cold and frosty, says Gifford Miller.
“Maybe it gave the alpine folks in Switzerland and Italy a bit of a head start in cultivating the hi ghlands again,” he says. Could that be why we have Swiss milk chocolate today instead of Norwegian chocolate? “It could be.” Miller says, with a chuckle. Ac tually it turns out that the Swiss did invent milk chocolate a decade or two after the glaciers started to give way to more pastureland(牧场), so it’s not an entirely crazy idea.
But Miller sees a much bigger lesson from understanding how soot and dust could bring about quick changes to the world’s glaciers. “Things that impact the climate system in abrupt ways are the things that people should be concerned about for the future.”
1. According to Paragraph 2, glaciers in the Alps ________.
A. remained big and stable until the 1900s
B. disappeared early in the 1600s and 1700s
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C. started to melt since the 1860s
D. were in a prolonged cold spell around 1860s
2. What did Painter discover about glaciers in the Alps?
A. Soot might have melted the glaciers.
B. The glaciers advanced in the Little Ice Age.
C. Charles Dickens described glaciers in his novels.
D. Glaciers melted before the industrialization.
3. Miller mentioned Swiss milk chocolate to prove that ________.
A. Swiss chocolate is better than Norwegian chocolate
B. industrial pollution influenced the alpine folks in Switzerland earlier
C. milk chocolate was first invented by the Swiss
D. glaciers in Norway didn’t give way to pastureland
4. What is the important lesson that Miller learnt?
A. The world’s glaciers can bee dark due to dust.
B. The climate system can collapse in abrupt ways.
C. The earth’s tempera ture would change gradually.
D. People should mind their influence on the earth.
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5. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Pollution May Have Melted Alpine Glaciers
B. Pollution May Have Advanced Alpine Glaciers
C. Pollution May Have Raised Temperatures in the Alps
D. Pollution May Have Caused Soot to Gather in the Alps
答案与解析
【文章大意】本文是说明文，主要介绍了阿尔卑斯山冰川融化的原因。从历史的角度来看，冰川突然加速融化是工业革命时期的环境污染造成的。
1. 答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的And then around 1860, the glaciers all started to retreat to lengths that they had not in the previous few hundred years可知，在19世纪60年代的时候，冰川开始融化。故选C项。2. 答案 A
解析推理判断题。从第四段中的a huge amount of soot being released out into the atmosphere. Soot from the Industrial Revolution might have heated up the ice可知，煤烟导致了冰川的迅速融化。故选A项。
3. 答案 B
解析细节理解题。结合倒数第三段中的Industrial pollution from Europe
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wasn’t blowing onto Iceland or Norway, which remained cold and frosty 和倒数第二段中的Maybe it gave the alpine folks in Switzerland and Italy
a bit of a head start in cultivating the highlands again可知选B项。
4. 答案 D
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Things that impact the climate system in abrupt ways are the things that people should be concerned about for the future可知，米勒学到的一个重要的教训是人类应该关注影响气候系统的事物。故选D项。
5. 答案 A
解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了污染造成了阿尔卑斯山的冰川融化。故选A 项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
After Mom died, Dad and I took a trip together every summer. Just ___1___ two of us, father and daughter. This was especially ___2___(meaning) because Dad was aging and we lived two thousand miles apart — so a week with Dad, undistracted from other family members or from work was a treat.
Our first destination was a cruise up the Mississippi. We
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___3___(board)the steamboat in St. Louis. We sat in ___4___(rock)chairs on the deck, ___5___(admire) the green trees lining the mighty river. A jazz band played in the background. Sometimes on the deck Dad and I sat ___6___(quiet), reading.
After lunch we docked at Alton, Missouri, which was ___7___ to dozens of antique shops. Dad, ___8___ little interest in shopping or antiques walked in and out of shop after shop. We walked up the hill, down the hill, and through the old town. We walked all day. It was the longest time I ever spent ___9___(shop)with Dad.
That was our happy trip together, but ___10___(fortunate), it would be our last. Dad died a few months later from being hit by a drunk driver.答案与解析
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者每年夏天都会抽出一周的时间陪伴父亲，回忆了作者与父亲沿着密西西比河的最后一次旅行的一些情况。
1. the 考查冠词。根据空格后面语境可以得知，此处表示特指“我们两个人”，故用定冠词the。
2. meaningful 考查形容词。此处表示“这非常有意义……”，故用meaning 的形容词形式meaningful作表语。
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3. boarded 考查词性转化。根据空格后面语境the steamboat可以得知，此处表示“搭乘汽船”，board用作名词表示“甲板”，用作动词表示“搭乘”，故此处答案为boarded。
4. rocking 考查非谓语动词。根据空格后面名词chairs可以得知，此处表示“摇椅”，故答案为rocking“摇晃的”。
5. admiring 考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面的逗号可以得知，此处需要用非谓语动词形式，主语we与admire之间为主动关系，故此处需要用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
误解分析：此题考生易误填入admired，解答此题的关键是要明确句子结构，根据空格前面的标点符号，以及空格前面完整的单句可知，故此处需要用非谓语动词。
6. quietly 考查副词。根据空格前面语境sat可以得知此处需要用副词形式修饰动词sat，表示“安静地坐在那里读书”。
7. home 考查名词。根据空格后面语境可以得知，此处考查be home to表示“是……所在地”之意的用法。
8. with 考查介词。根据空格后面语境interest可知此处考查with interest 表示“感兴趣地”之意的用法，此处表示“对购物不太感兴趣”。
9. shopping 考查非谓语动词。根据spent可以得知，此处考查spend ... (in)
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doing的用法，故此处答案为动名词形式shopping。
10. unfortunately 考查副词。下文提到作者父亲在车祸中死去，故此处表示“不幸地是”，fortunate为形容词“幸运的”，其副词形式为fortunately，否定形式为unfortunately。a26146 6622 昢a32397 7E8D 纍J24360 5F28 弨y38286 958E 閎X22574 582E 堮 y33737 83C9 菉20788 5134 儴+
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