西南科技大学 自动化专业方向设计报告
设计名称:直线二级倒立摆的建模和镇定控制 姓 名:
学 号: 班 级: 指导教师:
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方 向 设 计 任 务 书
学生班级: 学生姓名: 学号: 设计名称:
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设计要求: (1)建立直线二级倒立摆系统的数学模型,并在垂直向上方向上(工作点附近)得到线性化模型 ; (2)理解lqr(线性二次调节器)的基本原理,会利用matlab提供的lqr函数获得直线二级倒立摆线性化模型的lqr控制器; (3)利用matlab的simulink仿真环境,搭建倒立摆的控制系统,得到并分析仿真结果; (4)撰写设计报告,完成答辩。
方 向 设 计 学 生 日 志
时间 设计内容 直线二级倒立摆的建模与镇定控制
摘要(150-250字)
倒立摆是一个典型的多变量、非线性、强耦合、欠驱动的自然不稳定系统,对倒立摆系统的控制研究,能反映控制过程中的镇定、非线性和随动等问题,因此常用于各种控制算法的研究。而且对倒立摆系统的研究还有重要的工程背景,对机器人行走、火箭的姿态调整等都有重要的现实意义。
本文以直线二级倒立摆系统为模型,阐释了直线二级倒立摆的建模方法和镇定控制算法。其次介绍了直线二级倒立摆系统的结构和参数,应用拉格朗日方程建模方法详细推导了二级倒立摆的数学模型,并对系统的性能进行分析。接下来,本文重点研究了最优控制算法在直线二级倒立摆镇定控制中的应用;在介绍倒立摆系统的最优控制算法的基础上,设计了系统的最优控制器,分析得出控制参数的选择规律;并且在Simulink上完成仿真实验,观察控制系统性能。
关键词:倒立摆;建模;LQR;镇定控制
Modeling and Balance Control of the Linear Double Inverted
Pendulum
Abstract:Inverted pendulum is a typical multivariable, nonliner, closed coupled and quick movement natural instable process of control research can reflect many key problems in control theory, such as the problem of tranquilization, non linearity, following and so on. So the inverted pendulum is commonly used for the study of many kinds of control theory. The research of inverted pendulum also has important background of engineering, and has practical significance for the Robot walk and Rocket-profile adjustment.
In this paper, taking the linear double inverted pendulum system as the control model, reaching
of the control system based on lagrange equation and optimal control algorithm. First of all, giving out the research significance and situation of the inverted pendulum system, and introducing the linear double inverted pendulum modeling methods and stabilization control theory. Secondly, introducing the structure and parameters of the inverted pendulum system. Researching of the inverted pendulum mathematical model based on lagrange equation, and giving a detailed derivation, then having stability analysis of the system. Next, this paper studied the inverted pendulum system’s optimal control algorithm, and designed the LQR controller based on it, then coming to the law of selection of control parameters. Finishing the simulation in the Simulink software, observing the performance of the control system.
Key words: inverted pendulum, modeling, LQR, balance control