峥嵘岁月Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants (48) campus.
To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments (49) universities and private sources have provided (50) for students. Of all the full time undergraduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.
41. A. stay away B. stand out C. step down D. set off
42. A. fares B. payment C. charges D. tuition
43. A. attended B. covered C. included D. composed
44. A. welfares B. advantages C. benefits D. goods
45. A. rolled up B. gone up C. sat up D. taken up
46. A. management B. economic C. policy D. financial
47. A. apply to B. suit for C. adjust to D. gear for
48. A. in B. to C. off D. over
49. A. as well as B. the same as C. as far as D. such as
50. A. grasps B. grains C. grounds D. grants
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)
Passage One
Did your mum and dad go to university, or did they leave school and go straight to the Job Centre? The educational experience of parents is still important when it comes to how today's students choose an area of study and what to do after graduation, according to The Future-track research in the UK.
The research was done by the Higher Education Careers Service Unit. It plans to follow university applicants for six years from 2006 through their early careers.
The first year's findings come from a study of 130,000 university applicants. They show significant differences in prospective students' approach to higher education, depending on whether their parents got degrees (second-generation applicants) or didn't (first-generation applicants).
First-generation applicants were more likely to say that their career and employment prospects were uppermost in their minds in deciding to go to university. About one-fifth of this group gave "to enable me to get a good job" as their main reason for choosing HE. And 37 percent said that a degree was "part of my career plan".
A young person coming from a non-professional household where finances are stretched may find the idea of learning for its own sake to be a luxury. This explains the explosion in vocational courses.
At Portsmouth University, first-year student Kim Burnett, 19, says that she specifically chose her degree in health research management and psychology to get a secure, well-paid job. Harriet Edge, 20, studying medicine at Manchester University, also wanted job security. Her parents lacked college degrees, though the fact that her uncle is a doctor appears to have influenced her choice.
"Medicine is one of those fields where it's pretty likely you'll get a job at the end. That's a big plus, as the debt levels after five years of study are going to be frightening," she says. Many experts believe that this situation affects those with no family tradition of higher education far more keenly. The fact that 26 percent of respondents said that they needed more advice implies that some students may end up feeling that their higher education investment was not worthwhile.
For those with graduate parents, this lack of guidance may, the researchers suggest, be less of a problem. " But, for those without the advantages, lack of access to career guidance before applying for higher education leaves them exposed to making poorer choices," the survey concludes.
51. The main idea of the passage is that_________.
A. parents' experiences are more important for their children's education
B. parents' careers are vitally important for their children's degrees
C. students' approach to higher education correlates with their parents' educational experience
D. students' career and employment prospects are decided by their parents
52. "HE" in the 4th paragraph probably refers to __________.
A. health education
B. higher employment
C. Harriet Edge
D. higher education
53. A young person coming from a non-professional household ____________.
A. is less likely to get financial aid to go to university
B. is more likely to choose vocational education
C. may think learning for pleasure is a good idea
D. may choose to study for a professional degree
54. In which of the following aspects do Kim Burnett and Harriet Edge have in common?
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A. They both chose their majors because of their family influence.
B. They are both the first-year students in university.
C. Both of their parents lack college degrees.
D. Both of them chose degrees for job security.
55. It is implied that ____________.
A. the cost of a degree in medicine is very high
B. higher education investment in medicine is not worthwhile
C. a student without family medical tradition is less likely to choose medicine
D. medicine is a field where every degree-holder can get a job
56.Those with graduate parents may _________.
A. make poorer choices when choosing their majors
B. make better choices when applying for higher education
C. not need career guidance before graduation
D. have no problems in applying for a college
Passage Two
Last month, the public address system at Earl's Court subway station in London was ordered to get the noise down. Passengers, it seems, had had enough of being told the blindingly obvious: "Stand back or the train will run you over." "Don't lean on the doors." "Stand back from the opening doors." "Do this." "Don't do that."
Bossiness is not just aural. It is also written. As a commuter, I'm continually bombarded by notices on car walls. "Please take your feet off the seat." "Please turn down your personal stereo." And when I drive past the local primary, a sign flashes: "School. Slow down!"
The presumption behind these signs is that Britons must have everything spelled out because we are tow, uncivilized people who were raised by wolves.
Britain didn't use to be so bossy. When I was a boy, for instance, the local cinema put a warning on screen before we settled down to watch. "Don't," it said, "make noises." In those days, long before mobile phones, it was the only bossiness we saw in the cinema. Since then, bossiness has become more commonplace. Television, that strongest guide to public morals and lifestyles in this country, is alive with dominant people. On screen, we see health experts holding some poor woman's breasts and demanding that she get in shape. Cooking programs tell us not to think of leaving toast crumbs on the kitchen table.
There is no point in blaming TV for this new bossiness. We want to be bossed. We have behaved badly and now we yearn to feel the whip to correct us. On July 1, smoking will be banned in public places in England. My local government told churches in the area last week that no-smoking posters must be prominently displayed by church entrances.
I love this: the governments are bossing people to make them more bossy. They are insisting that priests tell their congregations (教区的教民) what to do.
My local government isn't the only source of bossiness. I find it everywhere. But the rise in bossiness does not seem to have been accompanied by a rise in socially well-adjusted behavior. In fact, the opposite. Perhaps this is because, if you feel as though you are treated with contempt, you will respond with the same.
57. The case at Earl's Court subway station shows that _________.
A. it is very noisy in public places
B. it is necessary to warn the passengers of their safety
C. people have realized the importance of public order
D. people have been tired of being bossed
58. It is presumed that bossiness is everywhere because Britons__________.
A. need to be bossed to behave themselves
B. want to be reminded of how to behave well
C. must have everything spelled out
D. are raised in uncivilized society
59. It is suggested in the passage that____________.
A. now Britons behave much better than they did in the past
B. in the past Britons behaved much better than they do now
C. the dominant people on screen should be blamed for the new bossiness
D. television has misguided the public morals and lifestyles in Britain
60. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. Television should play a role in enhancing public morals.
B. The local government has got involved in the church activities.
C. The governments want to make themselves more authoritative by bossing people.
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D. The rise in bossiness has helped the improvement of people's behavior.
61. The author writes this passage in a _________.
A. funny tone
B. criticizing tone
C. friendly tone
D. radical tone
62. What is the appropriate title of this passage?
A. British People Have Had Enough Bossiness Around
B. British People Want to Be Bossed
C. Bossiness in Great Britain: Its Past and Present
D. Bossiness in Great Britain Should Be Ignored
Passage Three
It began as just another research project, in this case to examine the effects of various drugs on patients with a severe mood disorder. Using an advanced brain scanning technology--the clumsily named echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (磁共振光谱成像) procedure, or EP-MRSI--researchers at Boston's McLean Hospital scanned the medicated and un-medicated brains of 30 people with bipolar disorder in order to detect possible new treatments for the more than 2 million American adults who suffer from the disease.
But something unexpected happened. A patient who had been so depressed that she could barely speak became ebullient after the 45-minute brain scan. Then a second patient, who seemed incapable of even a smile, emerged actually telling jokes. Then another and another. Was this some coincidence? Aimee Parow, the technician who made these observations didn't think so. She mentioned the patients' striking mood shifts to her boss and together they completely refocused the study: to see if the electromagnetic fields might actually have a curative effect on depressive mood.
