单数名词变复数的规律
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s
二、以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,末尾加es变成复数
例:bus→buses; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes ;box →boxes;
watch →watches; actress →actresses; class →classes; dress →dresses; sandwich →sandwiches; toothbrush →toothbrushes; waitress(女侍者) →waitresses
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加es
例:candy→candies; daisy(雏菊)→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories strawberry →strawberries; baby →babies; puppy→puppies; library →libraries; dictionary →dictionaries; cherry →cherries; activity →activities ,country—countries,fly—flies.
区别: 元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s
变复数【元音字母a,e,o,u,i】monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays boy---boys key---keys
四、以o结尾的名词,有生命的加es,无生命的加s构成复数。 口诀:黑人和英雄吃土豆、西红柿和芒果 negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves
例knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; scarf(围巾)→scarves
口诀:树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去杀牛;
架后窜出一只狼,就像小偷逃命忙。
解释:leaf(树叶)half(一半)self(自己) wife(妻子) knife(刀子)calf (小牛) shelf (架子)wolf(狼) thief(小偷)life(生命)
六、还有部分单词单复数同行
口诀: 中日警察好友来聚会,鹿羊鱼牛齐齐把家回。
解释:Chinese, Japanese ,police,people, deer, sheep, fish ,cattle
七、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。
口诀:男士女士a变e; 鹅牙脚o都变e; 孩子们想去天安门,原形
后面ren; 老鼠虱子本爱牛, mouse, louse,ox.
解释:goose-geese; mouse-mice; foot-feet. man-men; woman-women; tooth-teeth;foot-feet,child-children,louse-lice,ox-oxen
练习
一、写出下列名词的复数形式 。
orange ________ class_________ text __________ piano_________
child_________
bed__________ fox___________
monkey_______ shelf__________ foot___________
country________ toy__________
sheep_________ potato_________ radio__________ fish___________ mouse________
thief __________ woman________ Chinese_______
bus ________ dress_______
match ________ flash_______ box _______
potato________ candy________ puppy________
holiday_______ glass_______ half________
wife________
library________ tree________ tomato_______ photo______ life_______ deer_______
knife________
people________ wolf_______
tooth_________ man ________ baby________
二、填空。 1. These _______ _____ hard. 2. This ________ ____ soft.
3. Can I feel those smooth _________ ?(弹珠) 4. This ___ hard work. 5. I like _________(this)tissues.
6. I don’t like __________(that) brush.
7. I would like_____(eat) two _____ ____________.(ice cream) 8. The _______(石头) are nice.