loading谋学网www.mouxue.com
ò??￠???áàí?a￡¨12 4 μàê?ìa￡?12 40 ·??￡￡?V 1. For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world?ˉs greatest dramatist (??×÷?ò). Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare?ˉs writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we used, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations.
Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal use of English; Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand. There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners) even though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since Shakespeare?ˉs day.
1). English people _______.
A. have never discussed who is the world?ˉs greatest dramatist
B. never discuss any issue concerning the world?ˉs greatest dramatist
C. are sure who is the world?ˉs greatest dramatist
D. do not care who is the world?ˉs greatest poet and dramatist ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
2). Every Englishman knows _______. A. more or less about Shakespeare B. Shakespeare, but only slightly
C. all Shakespeare?ˉs writings
D. only the name of the greatest English writer ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
3). Which of the following is true?
A. We use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare?ˉs writings. B. Shakespeare?ˉs writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak English.
C. It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the words they use
D. All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare.
谋学网www.mouxue.com
?ú·?￡o2 ·?
4). What does the word ?°proverb?± mean? A. Familiar sayings. B. Shakespeare?ˉs plays.
C. Complaints.
D. Actors and actresses. ?ú·?￡o2 ·? 5). Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English? A. English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare?ˉs time.
B. By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language.
C. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare?ˉs time. D. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
2. Education in the United States is usually divided into four levels. These are early children, elementary, secondary and higher education. School attendance is required in every state of the country, and in most states students must attend school from the age of 6 to 16. The first level is early childhood education. Its main purpose is to prepare children for school.
The second level is elementary education. Education at this level is divided into six or eight grades, and children learn reading, arithmetic, writing, social studies and science. They also have art, music and physical education. The third level is secondary education. It is for junior and senior high school students. Some students take courses to prepare themselves for college. Other students take technical or vocational courses that prepare them for jobs after they graduate from high school.
Higher education continues after high school. There are many kinds of institutes of higher education. Technical institutes offer two-year programs in electronics, engineering, business and other subjects. After two years at a junior college, students receive an associate degree and then they can continue at a four-year college.
1). Is school attendance required in the USA? A. Yes, in the whole country. B. Yes, in some states.
C. Yes, in most states.
D. Yes, only in a couple of states. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
2). At what levels are programs of technical courses offered? A. Levels 1 and 2. B. Levels 2 and 3.
谋学网www.mouxue.com
C. Levels 3 and 4. D. Level 4 only. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
3). What degree is awarded to students at a junior college? A. Associate degree. B. Bachelor?ˉs degree.
C. Master?ˉs degree. D. Doctor?ˉs degree. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
4). What would be most probably talked about in the next paragraph? A. Undergraduate education. B. Post-graduate education.
C. Pre-school education. D. Adult education. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
5). What is the passage mainly about? A. Education policy in the USA.
B. The four levels of education in the USA.
C. The purpose of education in the USA.
D. The subjects offered at schools in the USA. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
3. Soldiers and other military people wear uniforms with various other symbols to indicate their status. But in the business world everyone wears more or less similar suits, and you cannot tell at a glance who ranks higher or lower than another. So how do people in the business world show their superiority?
An attempt to study this was made by two researchers using a series of silent films. They had two actors play the parts of an executive (?-àí) and a visitor, and switch roles each time. The scene had one man at his desk playing the part of an executive, while the other, playing the part of a visitor, knocks at the door, opens it and approaches the desk to discuss some business matter. The audience watching the films was asked to rate the executive and the visitor in terms of status. A certain set of rules about status began to emerge from the ratings. The visitor showed the least amount of status when he stopped just inside the door to talk across the room to the seated man. He was considered to have more status when he walked halfway up to the desk, and he had the most status when he walked directly up to the desk and stood right in front of the seated executive.
Another thing that affected the status of the visitor in the eyes of the observers
谋学网www.mouxue.com
was the time between knocking and entering. For the seated executive, his status was also affected by the time between hearing the knock and answering. The quicker the visitor entered the room, the more status he had. The longer the executive took to answer, the more status he had.
1). The experiment designed by the two researchers aimed at finding out ________ . A. how business is conducted by an executive and a visitor
B. how to tell the differences between an executive and a visitor
C. how to tell businessmen at a glance
D. how businessmen indicate status ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
2). Which of the statements can best sum up the passage? A. The executive has a higher status than the visitor.
B. Military people wear uniforms but the businessmen do not.
C. A study revealing a set of rules about the status of businessmen.
D. It is a good method to use a series of silent film in research. ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
3). Having entered the room, the closer the visitor approaches the executive, _________ .
A. the less it affected his status B. the lower his status
C. the more it affected his status D. the higher his status ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
4). The longer the seated man was in answering the knock, _________ . A. the higher his status
B. the less it affected his status
C. the lower his status D. the more it affected his status ?ú·?￡o2 ·?
5). Which statement is NOT true?
A. Soldiers wear uniforms with various symbols so that one can tell their status at a glance. B. In the experiment, one actor played the executive while the other played the seated man.
C. Business people wear similar suits.