超经典\\"情态动词+have done\\"表推测一览表

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时或“should+动词原形”,属于虚拟语气。

8、It is said that a new factory will be built nearby my hometown.据说一家新工厂将见在

我家乡附近。 这时主语从句。

it is+过去分词+that…..。类似的句型还有:It is reported that…/ It is known that…/ It is thought that…/ It is suggested that…/ It is believed that…/ It is hoped that…等。 9、It looks as if it is going to snow.看起来要下雪了。

这时表语从句,类似的句型还有:It seems to sb that…/ It (so)happened that…/ It appears

to sb that(=as if)…等。

10、It is necessary that we should master a foreign language.我们掌握一门外语是必需的。

这是主语从句,在“It is+少数形容词+that sb should do …”这种句型中,it同样是形式主语,that之后从句的谓语动词是“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。这样的形容词有necessary/important/unusual/strange/natural等。

情态动词+have done表推测

一、must have done 一定已经做了。

They must have finished their work.他们一定做了他们的工作。 二、1、Can have done.可能已经做了。

2、Can’t have done.不可能已经做了。

They can have finished /homework so quickly.他们可能很快完成他们的工作。 They can’n have finished /homework so quickly.他们不可能很快完成他们的工作。

They can have gone to bed /since /the door is closed.门关着,他们可能已经睡着了。

完成时态+since

三、1、Could have done.可能已经做过。(对过去事情的推测)

2、Couldn’t have done. 不可能已经做过。

You could have used my computer because I didn’t use it.你可能使用过我的游戏机。因

为我不能使用它。

you couldn’t have used my computer.你不可能使用过我的游戏机。

3、Could have done表过去虚拟语气,过去表本来会做而未做。含责备,遗憾的语气。 It was so fine yesterday, you could have come out for a walk.(对过去的虚拟语气)昨天天

气好,你本来可以出来散散步的。(事实上没有散步, 对过去本来会做而没有做。)

4、would have done.表示虚拟语气,本来完全可以做,而没有做。

I would have come /to help /you with the work yesterday

(to do)

/but I was too busy.昨天我本想帮你做工作的,但我太忙了。(遗憾的语气) 四、should have done.表示虚拟语气,本应该做而没有做。should=ought to 应该 1、 Shouldn’t have done.本不应该做。(事实上做了)

He shouldn’t have swum /in the lake /alone.他本不应该独自一人在湖里游泳。(事实上已

经游泳了,责备的语气)

2、you should have studied hard.你本来应该学习努力。(事实上没有做到) 五、needn’t have done.表示虚拟语气。本来不必做,但做了。“多此一举”

1、You needn’t have watered /the flowers.你本来不需要给花浇水。 六、will /shall have done.表示将来完成时,不表示推测,也不表示虚拟。 七、may have done.也许已经做了。

They may have finished homework.他们也许已经完成作业。 You may have read the book.他也许已经读过书。

八、might have done.①也许已经做过,②本来做但未做。(虚拟语气)

They might have won the match.他们本来可以赢得这场比赛。(事实上没有赢) I might have passed the exam.我本来可以通过考试。(事实上没有通过)(虚拟语气) 九、needn’t have done.本来不必做但做了。(虚拟语气)

You need not have gone out.你本来不必出去。(事实上出去了) 十、would rather have done.过去宁愿做但未做。(对过去的虚拟)

I would rather you paid the money yourself.我宁愿你自己付钱,AA制。 I would rather not have gone /there.我宁愿没有去过哪儿。

I would rather do it today.我宁愿今天做。

十一、would like to have done.过去想做但未做。(虚拟语气,过去的虚拟) I would like to have seen /the film.我过去想看场电影。(事实上没有看) 十二、had better have done.当时最好做了某事。

You’d better have gone /there.你当时最好去哪儿。(事实上没有去) You had better not go dancing tonight.你最好今天晚上不去跳舞。 情态动词+be going.表推测: Must be doing.一定正在做 Can’t be doing.不可能正在做 They must be watching TV now They can’t be watching TV now May/might be doing.也许正在做 They may be watching TV now 连词other wise, or, but与with, whithout, but, if only 否则 但是 有 没有 但是 只要

及其in case/for fear that/lest引导的从句,要用虚拟语气。

以免 以免 免

With you help, we might finish the work earlier.有你的帮助,我或许能早点完成工作。

Whithout water, there would be no life.没有水,就没有生物。

情态动词表推测(排名次)

一、1、must一定,必须。语气强硬。 must=have to 不得不,适用于各种时态。

例句:1、It’s very late now, must you watch TV?(must非要,偏要)

You must go=you have to go你必须走。 2、must/needn’t,用must提问,用needn’t否定回答

——Must I be here/at eight tomorrow morning? ——No ,you needn’t 或者no you can’t. 不,你不必

3、must+be表推测,一定,一定是。 You must be tired.你一定是累了。 You must see her.你一定要见她。


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