2013硕士研究生入学考试数学一真题及解析
x?arctanx?c,其中k,c为常数,且c?0,则() kx?0x1111A. k?2,c?? B. k?2,c? C. k?3,c?? D. k?3,c?
22331.
已知极限lim答案(D)
limx?0x?arctanx?limx?0xkk1?1221?x2?lim1?x?1?1limx?c
x?0kxk?1(1?x2)kx?0xk?1kxk?13因此k?1?2,1?c,即k?3,c?1
2.曲面x2?cos(xy)?yz?x?0在点(0,1,?1)处的切平面方程为( ) A. x?y?z??2 B. x?y?z?0 C. x?2y?z??3 D. x?y?z?0 答案(A)
rr法向量n?(Fx,Fy,Fz)?(2x?ysin(xy)?1,?xsin(xy)?z,y),n|(0,1,?1)?(1,?1,1)
切平面的方程是:1(x?0)?1(y?1)?1(z?1)?0,即x?y?z??2。
?113.设f(x)?x?,bn?2?0f(x)sinn?xdx(n?1,2,L),令S(x)??bnsinn?x,
n?12则S(?)?( )
A . B. C. ? D. ? 答案(C)
周期为2l的函数f(x)对应的三角级数:a0n?n???(ancosx?bnsinx)2n?1ll
9434141434将函数在[0,1]展开成傅里叶级数(只含正弦项),做两次延拓函数后: 它的傅里叶级数的和函数s(x)以2为周期的奇函数
则当x?(?1,1)且f(x)在x处连续时,s(x)?f(x)。s(?9)?s(?1)??s(1)??f(1)??1。
444444.设L1:x2?y2?1,L2:x2?y2?2,L3:x2?2y2?2,L4:2x2?y2?2
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y3x3为四条逆时针方向的平面曲线,记Ii??(y?)dx?(2x?)dy(i?1,2,3,4), ?63Li则max?I1,I2,I3,I4??
A. I1 B. I2 C. I3 D I4 答案(D)
由格林公式,Ii???(1?x2?yDi22)dxdy
I2???(1?x2?D12y2y2)dxdy???(1?x2?)dxdy 22D2?D1y2y22D2?D1上1?x??0,??(1?x?)dxdy?0?I2?I1;
22D2?D1D1?D4,在D4内1?x2?x?2rcos?2?y2?0,因此I1?I4 21y?rsin?y2122222(x?)dxdy?????2d?(2rcos??rsin?)rdr????22D300y?2rsin?y22(x?)dxdy?????2?d??(r2cos2??r2sin2?)rdr??2D4002?2?x?rcos?2?1利用?cos2?d?=?sin2?d?,可以看出:??(x2?00D3x?rcos?2?1y21)dxdy?????2?d??(2r2cos2??r2sin2?)rdr2200x?2rcos?y?rsin?
2?1y?2rsin?y2???(x2?)dxdy?????2?d??(r2cos2??r2sin2?)rdr2D400y2y22I3?SD3???(x?)dxdy,I4?SD4???(x?)dxdy22D3D42且SD4?SD4 故I3?I4
5.设A,B,C均为n阶矩阵,若AB=C,且B可逆,则( ) A.矩阵C的行向量组与矩阵A的行向量组等价 B矩阵C的列向量组与矩阵A的列向量组等价 C矩阵C的行向量组与矩阵B的行向量组等价 D矩阵C的列向量组与矩阵B的列向量组等价 答案(B)
将AB?C中A,C按列分块,
有(a1a2Kan)B?(c1c2Kcn)表明C的每一列被A的列组线性表示
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再由A?CB?1,A的每一列被C的列组线性表示。
?1a1??200?
???
aba0b06.矩阵?与????相似的充分必要条件为( ) ??1a1????000??
A. a?0,b?2 B. a?0,b 为任意常数 C. a?2,b?0 D. a?2,b 为任意常数 答案(B)
1??a1r??0?fa???1?r3A(?)?ab??ab??a 1a1??1a1??10?1100???ab??a???ab??2a
1a1??1a2?????(?2?b??2??2b?2a2)
(?2?b??2??2b?2a2)??b?0??2a2?0即a?0
?fA(?)???(??2)(??b)
7.设X1,X2,X3是随机变量,且X1:N(0,1),X22:N(0,2),Pi?P??2?X1?2?(i?1,2,3),则( ) A. P1?P2?P3 B. P2?P1?P3 C. P3?P2?P2 D答案(A)
P1?P??2?X1?2???(2)??(?2)?2?(2)?1
P2?X??2X2?2?P??2?2??P??2?22?2???2?(1)?1
P??2?5X3?52?5?3?P??2?X3?2??P??3?3?3??
??(?1)??(?73)??(73)??(1)
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X3:N(5,32),
P1?P3?P2