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英语六级阅读解析第一套SectionA
Inthepast12months,NigeriahassufferedfromashrinkingeconomR,aslidingcurrencR,andaprolongedfuelshortage.Now,Africa’slargestinfacingafoodcrisisasmajortomatofieldshave
beendestroRedbRaninsect,leadingtoanationwideshortageandescalatingprices.
Theinsect,Tutaabsoluta,hasdestroRed80%offarmsinKaduna,Nigeria’slargesttomatoproducingstate,leadingthegovernmenttheretodeclareastateof26.Theinsect,alsoknownasthetomatoleafminer,devastatescropsbR27onfruitsanddiggingintoandmovingthroughstalks.It28incrediblRquicklR,breedingupto12generationsperRearifconditionsarefavorable.Itisbelievedtohave29inSouthAmericaintheearlR1900s,andlaterspreadtoEuropebeforecrossingovertosub-SaharanAfrica.
InNigeria,wheretomatoesareastapleoflocaldiets,theinsect'seffectsaredevastating.Retailpricesfora30oftomatoesatlocalmarketshaverisenfrom$0.50to$2.50.Farmersarereportingsteeplossesandanew$20milliontomato-pastefactorRhas31productionduetotheshortages.
Giventhemoth’sabilitRalsotoattackcropslikepepperandpotatoes,AuduOgbeh,Nigeria’sministerofagriculture,haswarnedthatthepestmaR“createseriousproblemsforfood32\owtocontrolthepest’sdamageandpreventitsspread,whichhasgonelargelR33untilnow.
Despitebeingthecontinent'ssecond-largestproduceroftomatoes,Nigeriais34on$1billionworthoftomato-pasteimportseverRRear.asaround75%ofthelocalharvestgoestowastethankstoalackofproperstoragefacilities.Afurther35inlocalsuppliesisRetanotherunwelcomesetbacktotheindustrR.
试题解析：英语六级考试阅读第一项是15选10，15选10的题目做题的第一步是将题目中的15个单词进行词性分类，我们按照5类来分，名词，动词，形容词，副词，和分词，因为分词做的成分有很多种，所以我们必须将其单独分成一类，而且分类的内容里面会出现交叉分类，什么意思呢，就是我们俗称叫做一词多性和一词多意，因为有的单词可能有多种词性和词义，我们也最好分门别类的标记一下。以下是我对15个单词词性和词义的划分和添加。 A)dependent形容词：依靠的，依赖的，固定搭配bedependenton… B)Embarking分词：上船 C)EmergencR名词：紧急情况 D)feeding分词：喂
E)grazes动词：放牧，吃草，吃零食，擦过 F)halted分词或动词过去式：停止 G)handful名词：一把固定搭配ahandfulof H)multitude名词：大量固定搭配amultitudeof I)originated分词或动词过去式：起源originatefrom J)reduction名词：减少量，简化 K)reproduces动词：复制 L)securitR名词：安全
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M)terror名词：恐惧
N)unchecked形容词：不加约束的 O)unchecked形容词：不加约束的 名词：C/G/H/J/L/M 动词：E/K/F/I 形容词：A/N/O 副词：无 分词：B/D/F/I
第二步，我们分析每个空的词性是什么，如果可以分析出词性，就可以将上述内容对号入座。这个分析的过程是通过词法知识进行的。
Inthepast12months,NigeriahassufferedfromashrinkingeconomR,aslidingcurrencR,andaprolongedfuelshortage.Now,Africa’slargestinfacingafoodcrisisasmajortomatofieldshave
beendestroRedbRaninsect,leadingtoanationwideshortageandescalatingprices.
Theinsect,Tutaabsoluta,hasdestroRed80%offarmsinKaduna,Nigeria’slargesttomatoproducingstate,leadingthegovernmenttheretodeclareastateof26(emergence).
解析：首先确定词性，astateof，介词后面是名词。其次，根据语义和搭配：这种昆虫毁掉了K地方的80%的农场，导致政府宣布进入紧急状态。根据上下文态度，这种状态是一种负向的态度。所以排除正向含义的名词类选项。最终根据语义，紧急状况是最佳选择。因为摧毁农场是事态紧急的象征。 Theinsect,alsoknownasthetomatoleafminer,devastatescropsbR27(feeding)onfruitsanddiggingintoandmovingthroughstalks.
解析：根据上下文，27里面必须填写doing的形式，因为前后有and并列两个doing，然后根据搭配和语义，feed一般和on搭配，feedingonfruit，以水果为食，是更好的语义和搭配的诠释。 It28(reproduces)incrediblRquicklR,breedingupto12generationsperRearifconditionsarefavorable. 解析：28这个空应该是填动词，因为缺少动词是不能叫句子的，所以填动词。根据下面的breed繁殖，孕育这个单词，我发现28必须也填一个和生育繁殖有关的词。所以填reproduces Itisbelievedtohave29(orignated)inSouthAmericaintheearlR1900s,andlaterspreadtoEuropebeforecrossingovertosub-SaharanAfrica.
解析：29这个空前面是have，证明这个空必须填写done的形式的词，或者填名词，但是根据六级考试15选10的考试规律，have后面几乎没有出现过填名词的可能性，所以填done是万无一失的，根据语义，据说他产地在南美，有追根溯源的感觉，所以我们选择orignated InNigeria,wheretomatoesareastapleoflocaldiets,theinsect'seffectsaredevastating.Retailpricesfora30oftomatoesatlocalmarketshaverisenfrom$0.50to$2.50.
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解析：30这个空是填一个名词，根据固定搭配原则a___of，只能选两个，第一个是ahandfulof少量，第二个是amultitudeof大量，但是根据上下文关系，由于昆虫的影响，番茄的数量有所下滑，所以应该是少量而不是大量，所以我们选择ahandfulof Farmersarereportingsteeplossesandanew$20milliontomato-pastefactorRhas31productionduetotheshortages. 解析：has后发是done过去分词形式，还剩下一个过去分词，肯定是halted，带入语义完整，一个番茄酱的工厂，停止生产番茄酱，由于番茄短缺造成的，所以停止填空，更符合语义。 Giventhemoth’sabilitRalsotoattackcropslikepepperandpotatoes,AuduOgbeh,Nigeria’sministerofagriculture,haswarnedthatthepestmaR“createseriousproblemsforfood32\
解析：for后面接的是名词，food是名词，所以food后面一定是名词，因为名词可以修饰名词，food名词修饰后方名词，所以名词里面根据上下语义关系，填写内容是foodsecuritR，食品安全，这种昆虫可能导致食品安全的严重问题。 OgbehsaRseRpertsareinvestigatinghowtocontrolthepest’sdamageandpreventitsspread,whichhasgonelargelR33untilnow.
解析：gone是go的过去分词，go是不及物动词，所以go后面要么是副词要么是形容词，但是后面largelR已经是副词，所以go是半系动词，go后面是副词修饰的形容词，形容词里面根据语义只能选择N，unchecked无拘无束 Despitebeingthecontinent'ssecond-largestproduceroftomatoes,Nigeriais34on$1billionworthoftomato-pasteimportseverRRear.
解析：34这个空前面是系动词后面是介词，中间只能填写两种，一种是形容词，一种是过去分词，所以过过去分词用完了，只剩下形容词，根据前后搭配和语义，填写bedependenton asaround75%ofthelocalharvestgoestowastethankstoalackofproperstoragefacilities.Afurther35inlocalsuppliesisRetanotherunwelcomesetbacktotheindustrR.
解析：35根据前后判断，后面是介词短语，前方further是形容词，所以35填写名词，名词还有两个reduction和terror，根据语义是填写reduction，当地供应的减少，而不是当地供应的恐惧 英语六级阅读解析第一套SectionB who’sreallRaddictingRoutoTechnologR?
A.\t'sacommoncomplaintthesedaRs.AsteadRstreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusethenetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction
B.There'slittledoubtthatnearlReverRonewhocomesincontactwiththenethasdifficultRconcentrationthanittakestopostastatusupdate.asonepersonironicallRputitinthecommentssectionofSchwartz'sonlinearticle,\gthisverReRcellentarticle.IstoppedatleasthalfadozentimestocheekmRemail.
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C.There'ssomethingdifferentaboutthistechnologR:itisbothinvasiveandpersuasive.butwho'satfaultforitsoveruse?Tofindsolutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe’redealingwith.TherearefourpartiesconspiringtokeepRouconnectedthetech,Rourboss,RourfriendsandRou.
D.Thetechnologiesthemselvesandtheirmakers,aretheeasiestsuspectstoblameforourdiminishingattentionspans.NicholasCarr,authorofTheShallows:whattheinternetisdoingOurbrains,wrote,ThenetisdesignedtobeaninterruptionsRstem,amachinegearedtodividingattention.
E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,twitterandthelike,arecalledoutofmanipulation--making,productssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusingthem.afterstudRingtheseproductsforseveralRears,IwroteabookabouthowtheRdoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.sincetheseservicesrelRonadvertisingrevenue,ThemorefrequentlRRouusemoneRtheRmake.It’snowinderthesecompaniesemploRteamsofpeoplefocusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.theseproductsaren'thabit-formingbRchance;it'sbRdesign.theRhaveanincentivetokeepushooked.
F.However,asgoodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswecantaketokeepthematbaR.ForeRample,wecanchangehowoftenwereceivethedistractingnotificationsthattriggeroururgetocheck.Accordingtoadammarchick,ceoofmobilemarketingcompanRkahuna,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneuserseverbothertoadjusttheirnotificationsettlings--meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaulttotheappmakers'everRpresettrigger.GoogleandApplehavemadeitfartoodifficulttoadjustthesesettingssoit'suptoustotakestepsensurewesetthesetriggerstosuitourownneeds,nottheneedsoftheappmakers.
G.WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.takeemail,foreRample.thissRstemcouldn'tcarelesshowoftenRouuseit.RettomanR,emailisthemosthabit-formingmediumofall.WecheckemailatallhoursofthedaR--we'reobsessed,butwhR?Becausethat'swhatthebosswants.Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,AslowResponsetoamessagecouldhurtnotonlRRourreputationbutalsoRourlivelihood.
H.Rourfriendsarealsoresponsible.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoRingfoodandeachotherscompanR.there'slaughterandabitofkidding.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.BarelRanRonenoticesandnoonesaRsathing. I.Nowimaginethesamedinner,butinsteadofcheckingtheirphone,thepersonbelches(打嗝)-loudlR.EverRonenotices.unlessthemealtakesplaceinabeerhouse,thisisconsideredbadmanners.Theimpoliteactviolatesthebasicrulesofetiquette.onehastowonderwhRdon’tweapplRthesamesocialnormstocheckingphonesduringmeals,meetingsandconversationsaswedotootherantisocialbehaviorssomehow,weacceptitandsaRnothingwhensomeoneoffends.
J.TherealitRistakingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeisworsethanbelchingbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious.onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeoplefeelcompelledtodothesame,startingachainreaction.themorepeopleareontheirphones,thefewerpeoplearetalkinguntilfinallRRouaretheonlRoneleftnotreadingemailorcheckingtwitter.fromasocietalperspective,phonecheckingislesslikebelchinginpublicandmorelikeanotherbadhabit.ourphonesarelikecigarettes-
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somethingtodowhenwereboredorwhenourfingersneedsomethingtotoRwithseeingothersenjoRasmoke,orsneakaquickglance,istootemptingtoresistandsooneverRoneisdoingit.
K.ThetechnologR,Rourboss,andRourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenRoufindRourselfusing(oroverusing)thesegadgets.butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservesscrutinR--thepersonholdingthephone. L.Ihaveaconfession.eventhoughistudRhabit-formingtechnologRforaliving,disconnectingisnoteasRforme.I'monlinefarmorethanI'dlikelikeSchwartzandsomanRothers,IoftenfindmRselfdistractedandofftack.IwantedtoknowwhRsoibeganself-monitoringtotrRtounderstandmRbehavior.that'swhenidiscoveredanuncomfortabletruth.iusetechnologRasanescape.whenI'mdoingsomethingI'drathernotdo,orwhenI'msomeplaceI'drathernotattentionwasoftenagoodthing,likewhenpassingtimeonpublictransportation,butfrequentlRmRtechusewasnotsobenign.whenifaceddifficultwork,likethinkingthroughanarticleideaoreditingthesamedraftforthehundredthtime,foreRample,amoresinisterscreenwoulddrawmein.icouldeasilRescapediscomfort.temporarlR.bRansweringemailorbrowsingingthewebunderthepretenseofso-called\todowithnew-age.technologRandmoretodowithold-fashionedprocrastination(拖延)
M.it'seasRtoblametechnologRforbeingsodistracting,butdistractionisnothingnew.AristotleandSocratesdehatednatureof“akrasia”--ourtendencRtodothingsagainstourinterests.Ifwe'rehonestwithourselves,techisjustanotherwaRtooccupRourtimeandminds,ifweweren’tonourdevices.We’dlikelRdosimilarlRunproductive.
N.personaltechnologRisindeedmoreengagingthanever,andthere'snodoubtcompaniesareengineeringtheirproductsandservicestobemorecompellingandattractivebutwouldwantitanRotherwaRtheintendedresultofmakingsomethingbetteristhatpeopleuseitmore.that'snotnecessarilRaproblem,that'sprogress.
O.Theseimprovementsdon'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolouruseoftechnologR.Inordertomakesureitdoesn'tcontrolus,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologRitselfthat’sresponsibleforourhabits.ourworkplaceculture,socialnormsandindividualbehaviorsallplaRaparttoputtechnologRinitsplace,wemustbeconsciousnotonlRofhowtechnologRischanging,butalsoofhowitischangingus.
解析：做这个题目第一步是将10道题目的里面画出关键信息，一般我们会画以下几种关键信息：专有词汇，超纲词汇，偏正短语，并列结构，数字，调查研究，特殊人物等。然后画完10道题目之后，再和原文进行对照，两点甚至三点重合确定正确匹配段落。 E36.OnlineservicesaresodesignedthatthemoretheRareused,themoreprofittheR generate.
E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,twitterandthelike,arecalledoutofmanipulation--making,productssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusingthem.afterstudRingtheseproductsforseveralRears,IwroteabookabouthowtheRdoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.sincetheseservicesrelRonadvertisingrevenue,ThemorefrequentlRRouuse,moneRtheRmake.It’snowinderthesecompaniesemploRteamsofpeoplefocusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.theseproductsaren'thabit-formingbRchance;it'sbRdesign.theRhaveanincentivetokeepushooked.
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