loading专题限时训练(三十六) [说明文型阅读简答(一)]
(限时：每篇10分钟)
A
The earthquake and tsunami have caused huge human and material losses in Japan, and the threat of unclear radiation has added to people’s sadness. Some of the factories will have to move outside the country to ensure its business.
Owing to the level of the damage to Japanese factories and infrastructure, it will be weeks or even months before the country’s supply chain returns to normal and its manufacturing level gets back to its previous level. While most factories will be running as usual in the next few months, it is likely that some of the older and less efficient ones will be shut down. It will thus be cheaper and easier to use manufacturing bases in China and other low-cost countries than to rebuild the factories in Japan.
One example of the changes in Japanese companies’ strategy is that less than half of the automobile manufacturing capacity of Toyota, Nissan, and Honda is in Japan. With the triple disasters affecting in Japan, its automobile companies are expected to keep increasing manufacturing outside the country, and China looks like an appropriate destination for that.
A similar strategy applies to consumer products such as TV sets, music players and mobile handsets. Companies such as Sony have already moved much of their manufacturing to other countries, and this trend will continue. The production of many semiconductor products will steadily move outside Japan, too with perhaps the establishment of strategic relationships with other countries.
Is this trend bad for Japan? No, if new industries are built to take advantage of the opportunities in the global market to ensure a better future.
1．What has contributed to the Japan’s disaster? (No more than 9 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．List two different kinds of products that have already moved their factories outside Japan.(No more than 7 words)
________________________________________________________________________ 3．Why won’t many Japanese factories plan to rebuild but turn to foreign bases after the disaster？(No more than 8 words)
Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the
But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.
After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket？” one shopper replied.
But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的)customers.
As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.
Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason why Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.
5. What do the underlined words “chrome-plated contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ? (No more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________ 6. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 8 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 7. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________ 8. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
C
Watching online open classes of US top universities has become necessary for many young Chinese who find it a shortcut to make their life more meaningful, in addition to learning knowledge and language.
Guo Lei, a native of Guangzhou, has become addicted to various open courses after she watched the online video of “Justice: What’s the right thing to do.” The video clip was taken during an open class taught by Michael Sandel, professor of philosophy at Harvard University.
Sandel set up a situation in which a high-speed train with a technical problem is running towards five people who are working on the current track, while there is only one worker on the adjacent (相邻的) track. He inspired students to discuss what the driver should do—to change the direction for five lives ——which apparently will kill the other—or to do nothing and allow five people to die.
Guo said she was immediately attracted by the topic and the discussion of the Harvard students about morality and justice. She even introduced the case to her colleagues for discussion, since Sandel did not give an answer, unlike most Chinese teachers she knew before.
The inspiring and lively teaching style of American professors refreshed Guo’s impression about the traditional score-oriented Chinese educational system and prompted more Chinese to frequently search and watch open class resources of American top colleges, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and University of California Berkeley.
On China’s social networking websites, such as renren.com, kaixin001.com and sina.com, citizens have spontaneously formed many study groups to share video resources and exchange opinions. Volunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos to help more Chinese enjoy the videos without language difficulties.
“The popularity of American open classes reflects the spirit of sharing，” said Yu Xinke, vice chancellor with the Continuous Education School of South China University of Technology.
9. If the train driver changes the current track, how many people will be killed？(No more than one word)
________________________________________________________________________ 10. Why can Chinese have no difficulty enjoying the foreign class videos？(No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 11. Besides knowledge and language, list three other things Chinese can learn from watching such foreign online classes? (No more than 15 words)
①________________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________________ ③________________________________________________________________________ 12. What is the main idea of this passage? (No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
专题限时训练(三十六)
A
1．The earthquake, tsunami and the nuclear radiation threat. 根据第一段The earthquake and tsunami have caused huge human and material losses in Japan, and the threat of unclear radiation has added to people’s sadness. Some of the factories will have to move outside the country to ensure its business.可判断作答。
2．Cars(Toyota/Nissan/Honda)and the music players(Sony). 根据第三段的One example of…and Honda is in Japan.和第四段的Companies such as Sony have already moved much of their manufacturing to other countries, and this trend will continue.可判断作答。
3．Because it will be cheaper and easier. 根据第二段It will thus be cheaper and easier to use manufacturing bases in China and other low-cost countries than to rebuild the factories in Japan.可判断作答。
4．(Many) Japanese factories are moving outside for a better future. 综合全文再结合最后一段可判断作答。
B
5．Shopping carts. 根据第一段可判断作答。
6．To make shopping easier and attract more business. 根据第三段The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.可判断作答。
7．Because few customers used his carts./Because hardly anybody tried his carts. 根据第五段But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.可判断作答。
8．Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts./Because he wanted to persuade people to try/use his carts. 根据倒数第三段He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping！可判断作答。
C
9．One. 根据第三段Sandel set up a situation in which a high-speed train with a technical problem is running towards five people who are working on the current track, while there is only one worker on the adjacent (相邻的) track.可判断作答。
10．Volunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos. 根据第六段Volunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos to help more Chinese enjoy the videos without language difficulties.可判断作答。
11．①The truth of meaningful life./What makes life more meaningful. ② The inspiring and lively teaching style.
③ The spirit of sharing. 综合第一段Watching online open classes of US top universities has become necessary for many young Chinese who find it a shortcut to make their life more meaningful…及第五段The inspiring and lively teaching style of American professors refreshed Guo’s impression about the traditional score-oriented Chinese educational system…和最后一段The popularity of American open classes reflects the spirit of sharing…可判断作答。
12．American classes have many online Chinese fans.或American/Foreign online open classes become popular among Chinese. 或Watching American online open classes has become necessary among Chinese. 综合全文可判断作答。