loading实用文档 do sth) 尽力劝说某人做某事（但未劝服） persuade sb of sth 使某人相信… persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念 辨析advise / persuade： advise表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而persuade强调“已经说服”；advise既可接动词的-ing形式作宾语，也可接that引导的宾语从句（必须用虚拟语气should + 动词原形），而persuade不能。 eg: Try to persuade him to come. I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition. I am still not fully persuaded of the plan’s advantage. 注：You can advise him but you may not persuade him. 3. determine vt.&vi. 决定；确定；（使）下定决心 determine + n. / pron. 决（确）定 determine to do sth 决定做某事 （表示动作，非延续性动词短语） determine on / upon… 决定… determine that / what… 决定… determine sb to do sth 使某人决定做某事 determine sb against sth 使某人决定不做某事 文案大全
be determined to do sth 决心做某事 （表示状态可与表示时间段的状语连用） determined adj. 坚决的，有决心的 determination n. 决心 eg: We determined to leave at once. His advice determined me to delay no more. I am determined to find out who is responsible for this. 注：determine to do sth在词义上等于be determined to do sth。但前者强调动作，后者强调状态。类似的短语还有：prepare for / be prepared for， worry about / be worried about。这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法。 4. view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑 in one’s view 在某人看来 come into view 进入视野，看得见 in full view (of sb / sth) 完全看得见 in view of sth 鉴于，考虑到，由于 with a view to sth / to doing sth 为了，指望 eg: We take the view that it would be wrong to interfere. How do you view your position in the company? In view of the weather, we will cancel the outing. 实用文档 5. change one’s mind 改变主意 make up one’s mind 下决心，决定 bear / keep…in mind 记住 have…in mind 考虑；打算 call / bring sth to mind 回忆起某事 fix one’s mind upon 把注意力集中在… be of one / the same mind 对…意见一致 be out of one’s mind 发狂，发疯 eg: Have you made up your minds where to go for your honeymoon? She couldn’t call to mind where she had seen him before. He will bear the beautiful girl in mind forever. 6. give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交 give in to sb 对某人让步 give away 赠送；泄露；出卖 give back 归还 give off 放出；散发出（液体、气体、气味、能量、热量、光、声音） give out 分发；用完，筋疲力尽 give up 放弃；停止；认输；把…送交 give over 移交 give way to 给…让路；对…让步 eg: The authorities have shown no signs of 文案大全
giving in to the kidnappers’ demands. He gave away most of his money to charity. After a month their food supplies gave out. 7. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 1 在“主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + 不定式”○结构中，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：a. 不定式作状语修饰作表语的形容词；b. 不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 2 不定式作定语时，当在句子中能找到不定式○的逻辑主语且不定式与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系时，这时不定式可用主动形式表示被动含义。 eg: It’s a difficult question to answer. Tom is easy to please. Harry Potter is interesting to read. 8. A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. no matter how引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么…”，how后紧跟形容词或副词，此处相当于however + 形容词 / 副词。 疑问词-ever和no matter + 疑问词 1 whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever○可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。引导让步状语从句时，可以换成no matter what / which / who / whom，位置实用文档 可以在主句前或后。 2 wherever，whenever，however常引导让步○状语从句，可以换成no matter where / when / how，可以防在主句前或后。 3 however引导让步状语从句常与倒装结合起○来。这时，however起双重作用，一是引导让步状语从句，二是修饰某一个形容词或副词，而这个形容词或副词要紧接在它之后。 eg: Whoever says that is a liar. （主语从句） Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. （让步状语从句） She has the window open, however cold it is outside. （让步状语从句） Unit 4 Earthquakes burst, ruin, injure, bury, judge, right away, at an end, a number of, It seems as if… 1. burst vt.&vi. （使）爆裂；（使）裂开；突然出现；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 burst out 突然迸发；爆发 burst out doing sth = burst into + n. 突然…起来 be bursting to do sth 渴望，急着要做（某事） burst in / into 闯进，突然破门文案大全 而入 burst with anger / grief / joy 勃然大怒 / 心痛欲绝 / 乐不可支 eg: The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of applause. She was bursting to tell him the good news. The boy burst into tears on seeing the big dog. 2. ruin n. [U]毁坏；毁灭，崩溃 [C](Pl.)废墟、遗址 v. （使）破产，（使）堕落，毁灭 be in ruins 成为废墟 be the ruin of 成为…毁灭（堕落）的原因 bring sb to ruin 使某人失败；使倾家荡产 come / fall to / into ruin 毁灭；崩溃；破坏掉 ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin one’s health / fame 破坏某人的健康 / 名誉 eg: The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin. My new shoes got ruined in the mud. That one mistake ruined his chance of getting the job. 辨析destroy，ruin，damage，break，spoil： 实用文档 1 destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破○坏、毁坏”程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。 2 ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有某种摧毁性的○力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。 3 damage是程度较小的“破坏、损坏”，一般○指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。 4 break是“破坏、打破、打碎”的意思。它○表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃或瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力或习惯等。 5 spoil“破坏，糟蹋”，其重点在于破坏事物○原先的结构、和谐性，使原事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。 3. injure vt. 损害，伤害 injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害 do an injury to sb 伤害某人 injured adj. 受伤的，受委屈的 the injured 伤员 an injured look / expression 委屈的样子 / 表情 injured pride / feelings 受到伤害的自尊 / 情感 辨析wound，injure，hurt，harm： 1 wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤，尤指战○争、战斗中受伤。 2 injure一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤，○其宾语常为健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。 3 hurt可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上○的伤害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害；作不及物动词时，是“痛”的意思。 4 harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可○指引起不安或不便。 eg: One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off. This could seriously injure the company’s reputation. Don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 4. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入 be buried alive 被活埋 bury sth in… 把…埋到…里 bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面 be buried in 埋头于；专心于 bury (oneself) in eg: Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. She buried her face in her hands and wept. Since she left, he’s buried himself in his work. 文案大全