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成语词典编纂中的“典出”与“语见”问题
作者:刘浪
来源:《出版科学》2017年第03期
[摘 要] 成语的书证分“典出”和“语见”两类,二者在形式、内容上很相似,但在功能和作用上有明显差异。在成语词典的编纂中,“典出”和“语见”容易混淆,是编辑工作的难点。本文从两个方面谈成语词典编纂中的“典出”和“语见”问题:一是如何选定成语的“典出”和“语见”,二是从实际操作角度总结成语词典的“典出”和“语见”的编辑原则。 [关键词] 成语 词典 书证 典出 语见
[中图分类号] G232 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1009-5853 (2017) 03-0057-04 Allusions and Quotations in the Idiom Dictionary Compilation Liu Lang
(Education Bureau,Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, Beijing, 100037) [Abstract] Allusions and quotations are two categories of illustration cited from the literature in idiom dictionaries. Allusions and quotations are very similar both in the form and content, but have significant differences in function. In the compilation of idiom dictionaries, it is difficult to differentiate allusions from quotations, which adds difficulty to the whole work. This article
analyzes allusions and quotations in compiling idiom dictionaries from two aspects. The first one is how to select allusions and quotations for the idioms; the second one is makeing a summary of the editorial principles of allusions and quotations in idiom dictionaries from the perspective of practical operation.
[Key words] Idiom Dictionary Illustration cited from the literature Allusion Quotation
成语是汉语中的精髓,言简意赅,有着极强的概括力和表现力。目前市场上,成语类词典数量很多,达上千个品种。此类词典的目的是帮助广大中小学生理解常用成语的意思,了解成语中蕴涵的中国传统文化知识,提高他们对语言的感知和理解能力,并且能在语言表达中恰当地运用成语。因此此类词典的特色为:收录中小学生常用的成语,用现代白话文解释成语含义,点明成语出处,说明成语的演变和运用;用生动浅近的语言说明成语涉及的典故、传统文化知识点,兼顾工具书的检索性和阅读的趣味性。本文拟就编纂此类词典过程中的“典出”与“语见”问题进行总结与分析。 1 “典出”与“语见”的界定