loadinglanguages and pidgins.
7 The wonder is that it took people so long to realize that Black English is neither a mispronunciation of Standard English nor an accumulation of random errors made in the grammar of Standard. Utterances in Black English are grammatically consistent and they are generated by rules in the same way that utterances in Standard English are generated by rules. People may not regard utterances in Black English to be “good English”--- but that is beside the point, because Black English is using a different set of rules than those of Standard English.