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at a stone’s throw out of harm’s way to one’s heart’s content
(c) 当名词中心词之后带有同位语时(即属格修饰的名词带有同位语) the salesman’s brother, a postman * the brother of the salesman, a postman Lee’s friend, the singer * a friend of Lee’s, the singer B) 只用Of-词组的情况：
(a) 当 of- 词组中的名词后面跟有后置修饰语时:
the name of the girl standing under the tree * the girl’s name standing under the tree the support of the people of the whole world * the people’s support of the whole world
the suggestion of the teachers present at the meeting * the teachers’ suggestion present at the meeting
the opinion of the committee appointed a few days ago * the committee’s opinion appointed a few days ago I have read the article of the student who falls in with my views on this problem. * I have read the student’s article who falls in…
名词或名词词组后带有较长的后置修饰语，通常用Of-词组形式. * the man I know’s car
* the lady living next door’s hat
* the children killed in the war’s pictures * the professor to consult’s questions
同样，若名词或名词词组后带有较长的介词词组或介词词组可能会引起歧义，则用Of-词组形式来代替名词属格的形式。
* the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island’s heir * the man with the dog’s food
(b) 当 of- 词组中的介词宾语是以“定冠词 + 分词 / 形容词” 表示的一类人的结构时: the resistance of the oppressed *…the oppressed’s resistance the experience of the old *…the old’s experience
In pre-liberation days, the rulers paid little attention to the welfare of the poor. *…the poor’s welfare
(c) 当 of- 词组用在某些同位结构中时: the City of Rome at the age of twenty
2.3 独立属格和双重属格 （1）独立属格
A genitive noun can sometimes be used indepen-dently, that is, without a following noun. This use of the
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* Rome’s City * at the 20’s age
语法复习资料
genitive may be termed as the independent genitive. Independent genitive is used: 1）名词中心词已在上下文中出现过
e.g.: My car is faster than John’s.
Her memory is like an elephant’s.
The child’s hatred for the enemy is as deep as his father’s. 这种用法相当于名词性物主代词作主语的用法 e.g.: Hers is the prettiest dress.
Ours is a great socialist country. 2）被省略的名词中心词表示某人的家或住宅 e.g.: Shall we meet at his brother’s? I’m going to stay at Johnson’s. See you at Harry’s tomorrow.
3）被省略的名词中心词表示教堂、学校等公共场所 St. Paul’s (Cathedral) (圣保罗大教堂, 位于伦敦)
St. James’s (Palace) (圣詹姆斯宫, 是英国君主的正式王宫) Guy’s (Hospital) (英国伦敦盖氏医院) Queen’s (College) (英国女王学院) 4）被省略的名词中心词表示店铺、公司等
at the butcher’s / tailor’s / grocer’s / barber’s / fruiterer’s / greengrocer’s / photographer’s / baker’s / hairdresser’s dentist’s / druggist’s / stationer’s (文具店)
（2）双重属格
An independent genitive can sometimes be used as prepositional complementation. The prepositional phrase (usu. an of-phrase) that takes an independent genitive as complementation is called a “double genitive”. e.g.: a poem of Shelley’s
a painting of my roommate’s a patient of the doctor’s
在双重属格结构中, 用作介词补足成分的属格名词，必须是确定特指的，而且一般指人！ *a patient of a doctor’s *an engine of the plane’s
(a)后置属格必须指确定的对象(如专有名词),而且必须指人。 a friend of Jim’s/of my sister’s/of the professor’s 却不可以说: a friend of a professor’s (非特指)
也不可以说: a wheel of the car’s (指物)
(b) 带有双重属格作后置修饰语的名词中心词必须是不确定的人或物,可以受不定冠词或数量词的修饰 (a,
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语法复习资料
two, some, any, few, no, several, a lot of…),不能受定冠词的修饰。如： Some friends of my brother’s have arrived. Have you read any plays of Shakespeare’s?
It was no fault of ours that we took the wrong way. 却不可以说: the poem of Shelly’s
也不可以说: the friend of the doctor’s 更不可以说: the friend of a doctor’s ★ 但是可以说: the friend of the doctor
(c) Exceptions to the rule are the cases where the first noun is premodified by a demonstrative or postmodified by a relative clause.
在表达带有感情色彩的意义时, 可以用指示限定词。 this/ these 含褒义, 特别强调, 以引起对方的注意。 that/ those 往往带有否定和轻蔑含义。
eg. this very inspiring speech of the president’s
These remarks of yours are of great value to us. that notorious scheme of the King’s
I shall never meet that daughter of Mrs. Brown’s. ☆ the friend of Bob’s who was here last night ?
双重属格的意义
(a) 双重属格表示身份, of- 词组侧重说明关系。 He is a friend of my father’s. (我爸爸的一个朋友) He is a friend of my father. (对我爸爸友好/够朋友)
He is my father’s friend. (唯一的一个或刚谈及的那一个) (b) 有些情况下, of- 词组与双重属格的意义大相径庭。 双重属格表示某人做的、干的, 但不是他本人的。 of- 词组表示本人的。
a bone of the dog’s (一根狗啃的骨头) a bone of the dog (一根狗骨)
a painting of Mr. Blake’s (他收藏的一张画像) a painting of Mr. Blake (他本人的一张画像)
(c) 当中心词是opinion, criticism, judgment 等带有动词含义的“观点性名词”时, 双重属格表示的是主谓关系,of- 词组表示的是动宾关系。
a criticism of the students’ (学生们的批评) a criticism of the students (对学生们的批评) an opinion of my brother’s (我哥哥的看法)
an opinion of my brother ((别人)对我哥哥的看法) ?
of-词组
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语法复习资料
(a) To refer to someone or something that belongs to or is connected with someone, it is usual to use –'s or –s’ , not of , with short noun phrases :
Dad’s car (NOT the car of Dad)
a child’s bike (NOT the bike of a child)
my sister’s boyfriend (NOT the boyfriend of my sister) the miners’ strike (NOT the strike of the miners)
(b) When referring to one of several people or things belonging to or connected with someone, or when using 'this’ or 'that', use of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs :
a friend of mine (NOT a friend of me) that car of yours (NOT that car of you)
To talk about the person who sang, wrote, or painted a particular work, use by , not of : a song by Mariah Carey (NOT of Mariah Carey)
? 3. 限定词
英语的限定词包括：
1、冠词（article） 定冠词（DEFINITE ARTICLE），不定冠词（INDEFINITE ARTICLE），零冠词（ZERO ARTICLE)
2、形容词性的物主代词限定词（POSSESSⅣE PRONOUN DETERMINER），my, your, his, her, our, your, their, its.
名词（GENITⅣE NOUN），John's, my friend's.
指示限定词（DEMONSTRATⅣE DETERMINER），this, that, these, those, such. 关系限定词（RELATⅣE DETERMINER)，whose, which.
疑问限定词（INTERROGATⅣE DETERMINER），what, which, whose.
不定限定词（INDEFINITE DETERMINER），
no,some,any,each,every,enough,either,neither,all,both,half,several,many,much,(a) few,(a) little, other, another. 3、数词（numeral） 基数词（CARDINAL NUMERAL) 和序数词（ORDINAL NUMERAL) 倍数词（MULTIPLICATⅣE NUMERAL) 和分数词（FRACTIONAL NUMERAL)
4、量词（QUANTIFIER) a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great deal of, a good deal of, a large amount of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great number of, a good number of等。
3.1 限定词与三类名词搭配关系 书p60~62
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