定 语 从 句

定语从句

1．定语：修饰名词，把名词“定住”

I don’t like lazy people.

I don’t like peoplewho never keep their word(不信守承诺).

先行词 关系词

2．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。定语从句在句中相当于形容词

3．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词关系词：引导定语从句的词

4：解题步骤

1. 找出先行词，以及先行词在从句中作的成分（是指人，指物，还是作状语）； 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语，状语； 3. 选择正确的关系词。

在高考中的重要性： 在语法填空（无提示性填空），短文改错，完形填空中，是重点之一。

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（一）关系代词与关系副词

1. 关系代词

that which who whom whose as

(人、物—主;宾) （物—主;宾） (人— 主;宾）（人— 宾） （人的、物的）(人、物—主;宾)

Eg: He is the man who/that wants to see you. 他是那位想见你的人。（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ thatI saw yesterday. 他是那位我昨天见过的人。 (whom/that在从句中作宾语，常省略） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语,常省略)

2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如： Eg:They rushed over to help the man whosecar had broken down. 我们冲过去帮助那位车子坏了的人 Please pass me the book whosecover(封皮) is green. 请把那本封皮是绿色的书递给我。

即时练习1：

1.The factory____________produces pens is far from here. 2.The factory_____________we’ll visit next week is far from here. 3.The girl______________lives next to us is Mary. 4.The girl______________you saw yesterday is Mary. 5.The girl_____________ hair is yellow is Mary. 6.The room_____________windows are open is mine.

2. 关系副词

关系副词

When where why

（时间） （地点） （原因） ........the reason why.......

Eg: I still remember the daywhenI first came to the school. 我仍然记得我第一次上学的那天。

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Beijing is the place where I was born.

This is the reason why he refused our offer(拒绝我们的提议).

即时练习2：

1.The factoryMr. Li used to work was closed last week.

2.I’ll never forget the day we met for the first time. 3.I don’t know the reason he didn’t come to the school. 4.Shanghai is the city I was born.

5.Please tell me the reason you missed the plane.

6.(2014，湖南，31) I am look forward to the day _________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings. 附表：

that who 关系代词 whom which whose as when 关系副词 where why 即时练习3：

指代 既指人又指物 指人 指人 指物 既指人又指物 即指人又指物 时间 地点 原因 充当成分 主语；宾语 主语；宾语（非正式） 宾语 主语；宾语 所属关系 主语；宾语 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 1.Football is a game is liked by most boys. 2.This is the pen he bought yesterday. 3.He is the man _______lives next door.

4.The train ________has just left is for Shenzhen.(刚开走的火车是开往深圳的) 5.I don't know the reason he looks unhappy today.

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6.The film _____ they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 7.Great changes have taken place in the city I was born. 8.His father works in a factory makes radio parts. 9.I once lived in a house roof has fallen in. 10.He has a friend father is a doctor.

（二）限制性和非限制性定语从句

定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。

限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；

非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。

① This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性） ② The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性）.

非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓 语动词要用第三人称单数。

Eg: Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。（which引导的代替Liquid water changes to vapor） 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 即时练习4: 1. He lives in Beijing, _______is about five hour’s ride from here. 2. My house,________I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.. 3.This note was left by Tom, ______was here a moment ago(刚才). 4.My father, ________is a teacher, is very strict with us. . 5. The fire lasted for a whole night, _______caused great damage.

6. (2015,北京，24)Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, _______you can hear some lovely music. 对面是保罗大教堂，在那里，你能听见美秒的音乐

7.(2015，福建，34) China Today《今日中国)》attracts a worldwide readership（全世界的读者）, ______shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

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